Indasitiri Nhau: Yepamberi yekurongedza inotora pakati

Shanduko dziri muindasitiri yesemiconductor dziri kukurumidza, uye kurongedza kwepamberi hakuchisiri kungofungidzira. Muongorori ane mukurumbira Lu Xingzhi akataura kuti kana mafambisirwo epamberi ari muzinda wesimba wenguva yesilicon, saka kurongedza kwepamberi kuri kuita nhare yemuganhu wehunotevera tekinoroji empire.

Mune chinyorwa paFacebook, Lu akataura kuti makore gumi apfuura, iyi nzira haina kunzwisiswa uye kunyange kufuratirwa. Zvisinei, nhasi, yakashandura chinyararire kubva ku "isiri-yakawanda Plan B" kuita "mainstream track Plan A."

Kubuda kwekurongedza kwepamberi senhare yemuganhu yehumambo hunotevera hwetekinoroji hazvina kungoitika; ndiwo mugumisiro usingadzivisiki wemasimba matatu ekutyaira.

Yekutanga kutyaira simba ndiko kuputika kwekukura kwesimba rekombuta, asi kufambira mberi kwemaitiro kwakadzikira. Machipisi anofanirwa kuchekwa, kurongedzwa uye kugadziridzwa. Lu akataura kuti nekuda kwekuti iwe unogona kuwana 5nm hazvireve kuti unogona kukwana mune makumi maviri nguva yesimba rekombuta. Iyo miganho yemafotomasks inodzikamisa nzvimbo yemachipisi, uye chete maChiplets anogona kupfuura ichi chipingamupinyi, sezvinoonekwa neNvidia's Blackwell.

Chechipiri chekufambisa simba ndiko kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana; machipisi haasisiri saizi imwe-inokwana-ese. Sistimu dhizaini iri kuenda kune modularization. Lu akacherekedza kuti nguva yeimwe chip inobata zvese maapplication yapera. Kudzidziswa kweAI, kuzvitonga kuita sarudzo, komputa komputa, AR zvishandiso - yega yega application inoda musanganiswa wakasiyana wesilicon. Yepamberi yekurongedza yakasanganiswa neChiplets inopa yakaenzana mhinduro yedhizaini inoshanduka uye kushanda nesimba.

Simba rechitatu rekutyaira mutengo uri kukwira wekutakura data, nekushandiswa kwesimba kunova iyo yekutanga bhodhoro. MuAI machipi, simba rinoshandiswa pakufambisa data rinowanzopfuura iro remakomputa. Chinhambwe mukurongedza kwechinyakare chave chigumbuso chekuita. Yepamberi yekurongedza inonyora zvakare pfungwa iyi: kuunza data padhuze kunoita kuti zvikwanise kuenda mberi.

Yepamberi Packaging: Kukura Kunoshamisa

Sekureva kweshumo rakaburitswa nekambani yekubvunza Yole Group muna Chikunguru gore rapfuura, ichitungamirwa nemaitiro muHPC uye generative AI, iyo indasitiri yekurongedza yepamberi inotarisirwa kuwana huwandu hwekukura kwegore (CAGR) hwe12.9% mumakore matanhatu anotevera. Kunyanya, iyo mari yese yeindastiri inofungidzirwa kukura kubva pamadhora mazana matatu nemakumi matatu nemazana maviri emadhora muna 2023 kusvika pamadhora mazana masere nemakumi masere nerimwe panosvika 2029 (inoda kusvika 589.73 bhiriyoni RMB).

Maindasitiri hofori, anosanganisira TSMC, Intel, Samsung, ASE, Amkor, uye JCET, vari kudyara zvakanyanya mumhando yepamusoro-yepamusoro yekurongedza, inofungidzirwa kuti inosvika mabhiriyoni gumi nemazana mashanu emadhora mumabhizinesi avo epamberi ekurongedza muna 2024.

Iyo wave yehungwaru hwekugadzira pasina mubvunzo inounza hutsva hwakasimba kune iyo yepamusoro yekurongedza indasitiri. Iko kuvandudza tekinoroji yekurongedza yepamberi inogonawo kutsigira kukura kweakasiyana minda, kusanganisira yevatengi zvemagetsi, yepamusoro-inoshanda komputa, kuchengetedza data, mota dzemagetsi, uye kutaurirana.

Sekureva kwehuwandu hwekambani, mari kubva kurongedza epamberi mukota yekutanga ya2024 yakasvika madhora zviuru gumi nemazana maviri emadhora (inenge 74.17 bhiriyoni RMB), ichiratidza kuderera kwe8.1% kota-on-kota, zvakanyanya nekuda kwemwaka. Zvisinei, nhamba iyi ichiri yakakwirira kudarika nguva imwe chete muna 2023. Muchikamu chechipiri cha2024, mari yekuputira yepamusoro inotarisirwa kudzoka ne 4.6%, inosvika $ 10.7 bhiriyoni (inenge 77.81 bhiriyoni RMB).