Indasitiri Nhau: GPU inotungamira kudiwa kweSilicon Wafers

Silishon ndeyechipiri zvinhu zvakajairika pasi pano, mushure meokisijeni, uye yechinomwe zviwanikwa zvakanyanya pane zvakasikwa. Silishon ndeye semiconductor, zvinoreva kuti ine zvemagetsi zvemagetsi pakati pevatengesi (senge ndarira) uye insolators (segirazi). Mari shoma yeatomu dzekunze muzvikamu zvekunze. Iyo inogamuchirwa kushoma kwekuchena kweyemagetsi-giredhi silicon ndeye 99.99999%.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti imwe chete isiri-silicon atom inobvumirwa kune yega yega mabhiriyoni gumi emabhiriyoni maatomu. Mvura yakanaka yekunwa inobvumira kwemamirioni makumi mana emamolekyudhi mamorekuru, ayo ari mamirioni makumi mashanu akaderera pane semiconductor-giredhi silicon.

Blank Silicon Wafer Vagadziri vanofanirwa kushandura yakakwirira-yekuchenesa silicon mune yakakwana kamwe-makristuru zvivakwa. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuunza amai vasina murume crystal mune yakanyungudutswa silicon pamishini yakakodzera. Sezvo mwanasikana mwanasikana matsva anotanga kukura kutenderedza amai vekristaro, iyo silicon ichingotanga zvishoma nezvishoma mafomu kubva kuiyo yakanyungudika silicon. Maitiro acho anononoka uye anogona kutora vhiki. Iyo yakapera silicon inging inoremesa anenge makiromita emakirogiramu zana uye anogona kuita anopfuura zviuru zvitatu mawere.

MaWafers anotemwa muzvikamu zvakatetepa uchishandisa yakanaka kwazvo diamondi waya. Kugona kweiyo silicon kucheka zvishandiso zvakakwirira kwazvo, uye vanoshanda vanofanira kugara vachitariswa, kana kuti vachatanga kushandisa zvishandiso kuti vapfure kuti vhudzi ravo. Nhungamidzo pfupi yekugadzirwa kweiyo silicon Wafers yakareruka uye haina chikwereti zvizere mipiro ye gentius; Asi inotarisirwa kupa kumashure kune yakadzika nzwisiso yeiyo silicon wafer bhizinesi.

Iyo yekugovera uye inoda hukama hweSilicon Wafers

Iyo silicon wafer musika inotongwa nemakambani mana. Kwenguva yakareba, musika wanga uri muchiyero chisina kujairika pakati pekupa uye kudiwa.
Kuderera muSemiconductor Sales muna 2023 yakatungamira musika kuti uve mumamiriro ezvinhu ekupfuura, zvichikonzera Chip Nekudaro, izvi zvinongova mamiriro enguva pfupi. Sezvo musika unodzokera, iyo indasitiri ichakurumidza kudzokera kumucheto kwekugona uye kunofanirwa kusangana nekuwedzera kudiwa kwakaunzwa neAI shanduko yeAI. Shanduko kubva kuChinyakare CPU-yakavakirwa cpu-yakakwenenzverwa komputa ichave neyakajairwa neindasitiri yese, sowe zvisinei, izvi zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yezvikamu zvakaderera zveMicononductor Indasitiri yeSecomonductor.

Graphics kugadziriswa unit (GPU) Architectures inoda imwe silicon nzvimbo

Sezvo kudikanwa kwekuita kwekuwedzera, Vagadziri veGPU vanofanirwa kukurira kumwe kusarudzika kuti uwane simba repamusoro kubva kuGPUS. Zviripachena, kugadzira chip hombe ndechimwe nzira yekuwana zvakakwirira kuita, sezvo magetsi emagetsi asingade kufamba madaro marefu pakati pezvipukisa zvakasiyana, izvo zvinorambidza kuita. Nekudaro, pane chinongedzo chinoshanda chekugadzira chip rukuru, chinozivikanwa se "retina muganho".

Iyo lithography muganho inoreva huwandu hwepamusoro hwechip iyo inogona kufumurwa mudanho rimwe chete mune imwechete muchina welhography anoshandiswa muSemiconductor gadzira. Uku kugumira kwakatemerwa nehukuru hwemagineti saizi yemunda weiyo lithography michina, kunyanya iyo inomesa kana scanner inoshandiswa muBithography maitiro. Kune iyo yazvino tekinoroji, iyo mask muganho kazhinji inenge 858 mamirimita mamirimita. Iyi size yekukanganiswa yakakosha nekuti inosarudza nzvimbo yakakwana iyo inogona kuendeswa pane iyo pafer mune imwechete kuratidzwa. Kana waffer yakakura kupfuura iyi muganho, kufumurwa kwakawanda kuchafanirwa kuve kwakanyatso kujekesa chifukidzo, icho chisingabatsiri pakugadzirwa kwevanhu nekuda kwekunetseka uye kusawirirana nematambudziko. Iyo itsva GB200 ichakunda ichi chibvumirano nekubatanidza maviri chipsenti neyekuita sizeces mu silicon interlayer, kugadzira super Zvimwe zvekuita zvisingaverengeki huwandu hwekuyeuka uye chinhambwe kune iyo ndangariro (kureva memory bandwidth). New GPU maRpitectures Kukurira dambudziko iri nekushandisa yakadzika-bandwidth ndangariro (HBM) iyo yakaiswa pane yakafanana silicon centpenter ine maviri eGPU machipisi. Kubva pane silicon maonero, dambudziko neHBM ndeyekuti imwe neimwe yeiyo silicon nharaunda yakapetwa kaviri yetsika drama nekuda kweiyo yepamusoro-yakaenzana interface yakakwira bandwidth yakakwira. HBM zvakare inobatanidzawo pfungwa yekudzora mbichana mune imwe neimwe stack, kuwedzera iyo silicon nzvimbo. Kuverenga kwakashata kunoratidza kuti iyo silicon nzvimbo inoshandiswa mu2,5D GPU Satch Sezvambotaurwa, kunze kwekunge makambani okuvhiyiwa akagadzirirwa shanduko iyi, Silicon Wafer kugona kunogona kuve kwakasimba zvakare.

Ramangwana kugona kweiyo silicon wafer musika

Yekutanga yemitemo mitatu yemakemikiri yekugadzira ndeyekuti iyo mari yakawanda inoda kuiswa mari kana iyo shoma mari iripo. Izvi zvinokonzerwa neindasitiri's Cyclical chimiro, uye makambani emakambani emakambani ane nguva yakaoma achitevera mutemo uyu. Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo, vazhinji vevanyori veSilicon vakaziva kukosheswa kwekuchinja uku uye kwatoda katatu mari yekubhadhara mari yavo yakazara mumatare mashoma apfuura. Pasinei nemamiriro ezvinhu akaoma emisika, izvi zvichiri kudaro. Chii chinonyanya kufadza ndechekuti maitiro aya ave achienderera kwenguva yakareba. Silicon Wafer makambani ane rombo rakanaka kana kuziva chimwe chinhu icho vamwe vasingadi. Iyo semiconductor yekupa keteni inguva yemuchina iyo inogona kufanotaura ramangwana. Remangwana rako rinogona kunge riri remumwe munhu zvekare. Nepo isu tisingagare tichiwana mhinduro, tinenge tangogara tichiwana mibvunzo yakakodzera.