Mundima yekugadzira semiconductor, modhi yekugadzira yakakura uye ine mari yakawanda iri kutarisana nekuchinja kukuru. Nekuratidzwa kuri kuuya kwe "CEATEC 2024", Minimum Wafer Fab Promotion Organisation iri kuratidza nzira itsva yekugadzira semiconductor inoshandisa michina yekugadzira semiconductor diki kwazvo kune maitiro e lithography. Iyi hunyanzvi iri kuunza mikana isingaenzaniswi kumabhizinesi madiki nepakati (SMEs) nemakambani matsva. Chinyorwa chino chichagadzira ruzivo rwakakodzera kuti chiongorore mamiriro ezvinhu, zvakanakira, matambudziko, uye mhedzisiro inogona kuitika yetekinoroji ye minimum wafer fab paindasitiri ye semiconductor.
Kugadzira maSemiconductor iindasitiri inonyanya kushandisa mari yakawanda uye tekinoroji. Pachivanhu, kugadzira maSemiconductor kunoda mafekitori makuru nemakamuri akachena kuti vagadzire maWafers e12-inch akawanda. Mari inoshandiswa pakugadzira maWafers makuru inowanzosvika kumayen maviri etrillion (anenge mabhiriyoni zana nemakumi maviri eRMB), zvichiita kuti zviomere maSME nemabhurocha matsva kupinda mundima iyi. Zvisinei, nekubuda kwetekinoroji yeWafers shoma, mamiriro ezvinhu aya ari kuchinja.
Mari shoma yeWafer fabs isystem itsva dzekugadzira semiconductor dzinoshandisa mawafer e0.5-inch, zvichideredza zvakanyanya huwandu hwekugadzira uye mari yekudyara zvichienzaniswa nemawafer echinyakare e12-inch. Mari yekudyara yemidziyo iyi yekugadzira inongova mamiriyoni mazana mashanu emadhora (inenge mamiriyoni mazana maviri nematatu nemazana masere emadhora), zvichiita kuti maSME nemakambani matsva vatange kugadzira ma semiconductor nemari shoma.
Kwakatangira tekinoroji ye minimum wafer fab kunogona kuteverwa kumashure kuchirongwa chekutsvagisa chakatangwa neNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) muJapan muna 2008. Chirongwa ichi chaive nechinangwa chekugadzira maitiro matsva mukugadzira semiconductor nekuwana kugadzirwa kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, diki. Chirongwa ichi, chakatungamirwa neBazi rezvehupfumi, zvekutengeserana neindasitiri reJapan, chaisanganisira kushandira pamwe pakati pemakambani nemasangano zana nemakumi mana ekuJapan kuti vagadzire chizvarwa chitsva chemasisitimu ekugadzira, nechinangwa chekuderedza zvakanyanya mitengo nezvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi, zvichibvumira vagadziri vemotokari nemidziyo yemumba kugadzira semiconductor nemasensa avanoda.
**Mabhenefiti eTekinoroji yeMinimum Wafer Fab:**
1. **Kudyara Mari Yemumba Kwakaderedzwa Zvikuru:** Mafekitori makuru echinyakare anoda mari inodarika mazana emabhiriyoni eyen, nepo chinangwa chekudyara mari shoma yefekitori yewafer chiri 1/100 kusvika 1/1000 chete yemari iyoyo. Sezvo mudziyo wega wega uri mudiki, hapana chikonzero chenzvimbo hombe dzefekitori kana mafotomas ekuumba circuit, zvichideredza zvakanyanya mari yekushanda.
2. **MaModheru Ekugadzira Anochinjika Uye Akasiyana-siyana:** MaWafer fabs mashoma anotarisa pakugadzira mhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa zvidiki. Modheru iyi yekugadzira inobvumira maSME nemakambani matsva kuti akurumidze kugadzirisa nekugadzira zvinoenderana nezvavanoda, zvichizadzisa kudiwa kwemusika kwezvigadzirwa zve semiconductor zvakagadzirwa uye zvakasiyana-siyana.
3. **Maitiro Ekugadzira Akareruka:** Midziyo yekugadzira muzvishandiso zvewafer zvishoma ine chimiro nehukuru hwakafanana kune ese maitiro, uye midziyo yekutakura wafer (shuttles) inowanikwa kune ese matanho. Sezvo michina nemashuttles zvichishanda munzvimbo yakachena, hapana chikonzero chekuchengetedza makamuri makuru akachena. Dhizaini iyi inoderedza zvakanyanya mari yekugadzira uye kuomarara kuburikidza netekinoroji yekuchenesa yemuno uye maitiro ekugadzira akareruka.
4. **Kushandiswa Kwesimba Rakaderera uye Kushandiswa Kwesimba Repamba:** Midziyo yekugadzira mumidziyo yewafer ine simba shoma uye inogona kushanda nesimba repamba reAC100V. Hunhu uhwu hunobvumira michina iyi kushandiswa munzvimbo dziri kunze kwemakamuri akachena, zvichideredza kushandiswa kwesimba uye mari yekushandisa.
5. **Maitiro Ekugadzira Akapfupikiswa:** Kugadzira ma semiconductor makuru kunowanzo da nguva refu yekumirira kubva paodha kusvika pakutumira, nepo ma wafer fabs mashoma achigona kugadzira huwandu hunodiwa hwema semiconductor panguva yakatarwa mukati menguva yakatarwa. Izvi zvinonyanya kuoneka munzvimbo dzakadai seInternet of Things (IoT), iyo inoda zvigadzirwa zvidiki, zvine mixed high-mixed semiconductor.
**Kuratidzwa uye Kushandiswa kweTekinoroji:**
Pakuratidzwa kwe "CEATEC 2024", Minimum Wafer Fab Promotion Organisation yakaratidza maitiro e lithography ichishandisa michina yekugadzira semiconductor small-small. Munguva yekuratidzira, michina mitatu yakarongwa kuratidza maitiro e lithography, ayo aisanganisira resist coating, exposure, uye development. Chirongo chekutakura wafer (shuttle) chakabatwa muruoko, chakaiswa mumudziyo, uye chakabatidzwa nekudzvanya bhatani. Mushure mekupedza, shuttle yakatorwa ndokuiswa pamudziyo unotevera. Mamiriro emukati uye kufambira mberi kwemudziyo wega wega zvakaratidzwa pamamonita avo.
Kana matanho matatu aya apera, wafer yakaongororwa nemaikorosikopu, zvichiratidza patani ine mashoko ekuti "Happy Halloween" uye mufananidzo wemanhanga. Kuratidzwa uku hakuna kungoratidza chete kuti tekinoroji yewafer fab fab inoshanda asi kwakaratidzawo kuchinjika kwayo uye kunyatsoita kwayo.
Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe makambani atanga kuyedza tekinoroji ye minimum wafer fab. Semuenzaniso, Yokogawa Solutions, kambani iri pasi peYokogawa Electric Corporation, yakatanga michina yekugadzira yakarongeka uye inoyevedza, yakakura semuchina wekutengesa zvinwiwa, imwe neimwe ine mabasa ekuchenesa, kudziyisa, uye kuburitsa zvinhu. Michina iyi inonyatsogadzira mutsetse wekugadzira we semiconductor, uye nzvimbo diki inodiwa pamutsetse wekugadzira we "mini wafer fab" ihukuru hwematare maviri etenesi chete, 1% chete yenzvimbo yewafer fab ye 12-inch.
Zvisinei, mafekitori eminimum wafer fabs parizvino anonetseka kukwikwidzana nemafekitori makuru e semiconductor. Magadzirirwo emagetsi e Ultra-fine, kunyanya mune matekinoroji epamusoro-soro (akadai se 7nm uye pasi), achiri kuvimba nemidziyo yepamusoro-soro uye kugona kukuru kwekugadzira. Maitiro e wafer e 0.5-inch e minimum wafer fabs anonyanya kukodzera kugadzira zvishandiso zviri nyore, zvakaita se sensors ne MEMS.
Mafekitori emhando ye "minimum wafer fabs" anomiririra modhi itsva inovimbisa zvikuru yekugadzira semiconductor. Anoratidzwa ne "miniaturization", mutengo wakaderera, uye kuchinjika, anotarisirwa kupa mikana mitsva yemusika kune maSME nemakambani matsva. Mabhenefiti e "minimum wafer fabs" anonyanya kuoneka munzvimbo dzakatarwa dzekushandisa dzakadai seIoT, sensors, uye MEMS.
Mune ramangwana, sezvo tekinoroji ichikura uye ichisimudzirwa zvakanyanya, michina midiki yewafer fabs inogona kuva simba rakakosha muindasitiri yekugadzira semiconductor. Havangopi mabhizinesi madiki mikana yekupinda mundima iyi chete asi vanogonawo kutungamira shanduko muchimiro chemitengo uye mamodheru ekugadzira eindasitiri yese. Kuzadzisa chinangwa ichi kunoda kushanda nesimba muhunyanzvi, kuvandudza tarenda, uye kuvaka ecosystem.
Nekufamba kwenguva, kusimudzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya indasitiri yese yezvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, kunyanya maererano nekusiyana-siyana kwezvekutengeswa kwezvinhu, kuchinjika kwemaitiro ekugadzira, uye kudzora mitengo. Kushandiswa kwakapararira kwetekinoroji iyi kuchabatsira kusimudzira hunyanzvi nekufambira mberi muindasitiri yepasi rose yezvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-14-2024